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During pathological changes of the sternocleidomastoid the clinical picture of the wryneck occurs (bending of the head to the affected muscle and rotation to the healthy side). Did you know… We have over 220 college Both insert at the back of your head, but originate on the collarbone – clavicular part – and breastbone – sternal part – of the respective side. Under the sternocleidomastoid region runs a neurovascular bundle containing: When putting a central venous catheter (CVC), the medial edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle serves as a lead structure. Copyright © All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sternocleidomastoid muscles. Kenhub. The nerve supply to the sternocleidomastoid is provided by the accessory nerve (CN XI) and by nerves arising from the cervical plexus (C1 - C2). This case may be important for head and neck surgeons and for plastic surgeons doing muscle graft surgeries.

Top Contributors - Venus Pagare, Kim Jackson, Daniele Barilla, Joshua Samuel and Evan Thomas, Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) (synonym musculus sternocleidomastoideus) is a paired superficial muscle in the anterior portion of the neck.

It is a long, bilateral muscle of the neck, which functions to flex the neck both laterally and anteriorly, as well as rotate the head contralaterally to the side of contraction. References. Physicians/surgeons should be aware of this anatomical variation in order to understand complications that can happen. Latin names of the attachment points

Look at the floor again. Please contact: superior nuchal line of the occipital bone. The two heads are separated by a triangular surface depression, the lesser supraclavicular fossa.

The SCM muscle is involved in majority of the head movements and also it assists in inspiration [6]. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005. What is the role of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in rotating the head to the left and right? The sternocleidomastoid (SCM) which is shortly called as sternomastoid extends obliquely across the side of the neck and divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangle. Both sides together flex the neck and head forward. The number of these extra clavicular slips may vary and such occurrence may be unilateral or bilateral. Turn your head to the right. The origin of sternal (SH) and clavicular heads (CH) and their insertion to the mastoid process and superior nuchal line were appeared as usual (Figure 1).

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Sternocleidomastoid muscle: want to learn more about it?

{{courseNav.course.topics.length}} chapters | courses that prepare you to earn Print. 3 = middle cervical fascia. The sternocleidomastoid originates from the manubrium of the sternum and the clavicle. You are contracting both of your SCMs. A unilateral contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle flexes the cervical vertebral column to the same side (lateral flexion) and rotates the head to the opposite side.

Anatomical variations of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) have been observed to occupy multiple origins and insertion points and have supernumerary heads, sometimes varying in thickness. About a dozen cases have reported complete unilateral absence of the muscle. 'Sterno-' refers to the sternum, '-cleido-' the clavicle, and '-mastoid' the mastoid process behind the ear. The occurrence of such a variation can be explained by fusion failure or abnormal mesodermal splitting during development. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has a role in the body as big as its name. You need our head and neck muscle anatomy chart! The insertion is the lateral surface of the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral half of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone.

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credit-by-exam regardless of age or education level. Six heads of origin of sternocleidomastoid muscle: a rare case.

Sternocleidomastoid - Innervation. Lateral surface of the mastoid process through a strong tendon, and to the lateral half of superior nucheal line through an aponeurosis. Kendall, Florence P., Et Al. 1173185, T Hasan. Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community.

The origin of a muscle is the attachment site that does not move during contraction. You can remember the SCM's origins are the to attachments sites that begin with the first two letters. b. Mastoid process of temporal bone. In the surgeries of the lower part of the neck, such variations may bring complications as the important neurovascular bundle is covered by the muscle. It also flexes the neck. Spinal accessory nerve (XI), with sensory supply from C2 & C3 (for proprioception) Blood Supply. The clavicle, or collarbone, is a long bone that connects the sternum to the shoulder blade.

It takes origin by two heads (sternal and clavicular head), separated by a triangular depression known as the lesser supraclavicular fossa. All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to. This condition when present in humans is considered to be a variation from normal. The sternocleidomastoid muscle is one of the largest and most superficial cervical muscles. The SCM has two origins: the anterior (front) surface of the upper sternum and the clavicle. It is one of the most sizably voluminous and most superficial cervical muscles. Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver, Author: The muscle is inserted to the lateral surface of the mastoid process and lateral part of the superior nuchal line. This extra triangle can also be considered as an extended lesser supraclavicular fossa which normally separates the sternal and clavicular heads of origin of SCM. The left side rotates the head to the right and flexes it to the left (When a muscle causes lateral flexion to the side it is on this is referred to as ‘ipsilateral flexion’ when a muscle rotates a segment to the opposite side this is called ‘contralateral rotation.) This muscle binds the skull to the sternum and clavicle. 6 = transverse scapular artery and vein. Developmentally, these additional muscle slips indicate abnormal mesodermal splitting in posterior sixth branchial arch.

Sensory branches of the cervical plexus merge dorsally to the muscle at the Erb’s point (punctum nervosum) which can be used as a place of puncture for local anesthesia. The actions of the SCM are to flex and rotate the head. Rotation of the head to the contralateral side Lateral flexion to the ipsilateral side Bilateral action: neck flexion and capital extension. It also acts as an accessory muscle of inspiration. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. Variations Of The Sternocleidomastoid Muscle: A Literature Review.

The sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle is a voluntary, skeletal muscle located on each side of the neck. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eD3Ds3GIt9M, https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Sternocleidomastoid&oldid=220133, a medial rounded and tendinous sternal head (SH). Attachments of the Sternocleidomastoid

It helps protect the heart and lungs. When refering to evidence in academic writing, you should always try to reference the primary (original) source.

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