American Academy of Family Physicians. Most people with SAD experience major depressive disorder, but as many as 20% may have a bipolar disorder. [39][40] Although light therapy is the leading treatment for seasonal affective disorder, prolonged direct sunlight or artificial lights that don't block the ultraviolet range should be avoided due to the threat of skin cancer. Feeling depressed most of the day, nearly every day, Losing interest in activities you once enjoyed, Experiencing changes in your appetite or weight, Having frequent thoughts of death or suicide, Appetite changes, especially a craving for foods high in carbohydrates, Other mental health disorders such as anxiety or eating disorders. population. For example, people living in Alaska or New England may be more likely to develop SAD than people living in Florida. Symptoms are … Accessed July 25, 2017. It is important to discriminate between diagnoses because there are important treatment differences. One study reports 6–35% of sufferers required hospitalization during one period of illness. Accessed July 25, 2017. Some people may experience depressive episodes during the spring and summer months; this is called summer-pattern SAD or summer depression and is less common. [32], Photoperiod-related alterations of the duration of melatonin secretion may affect the seasonal mood cycles of SAD. [8][9] [8][9], SAD was first systematically reported and named in the early 1980s by Norman E. Rosenthal, M.D., and his associates at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). The depressive episodes must occur during specific seasons (i.e., only during the winter months or the summer months) for at least 2 consecutive years. A description of the syndrome and preliminary findings with light therapy", "What is SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder)? But if you feel down for days at a time and you can't get motivated to do activities you normally enjoy, see your doctor. A study of Canadians of wholly Icelandic descent also showed low levels of SAD. Depression Research and Treatment. Bright white "full spectrum" light at 10,000 lux, blue light at a wavelength of 480 nm at 2,500 lux or green (actually cyan or blue-green[34]) light at a wavelength of 500 nm at 350 lux are used, with the first-mentioned historically preferred. Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below. In most cases, SAD symptoms start in the late fall or early winter and go away during the spring and summer; this is known as winter-pattern SAD or winter depression. Learn more about these disorders by visiting the NIMH Mental Health Information page. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Take steps to keep your mood and motivation steady throughout the year. [23], Light therapy can also consist of exposure to sunlight, either by spending more time outside[38] or using a computer-controlled heliostat to reflect sunlight into the windows of a home or office. If you think you may be suffering from SAD, talk to your health care provider or a mental health specialist about your concerns. Treatment for SAD may include light therapy (phototherapy), medications and psychotherapy. Accessed July 25, 2017. Also, visit the FDA website for the most up-to-date information on medications, side effects, and warnings.
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